(Best ) importance and pattern of fingerprints

Fingerprints

When people heard the word "fingerprint " they became curious and wants to

 know about it. Lets discuss  it......

Finger prints science is a branch of forensic , It's a scientific method of identification. 

The scientific study of fingerprints is called Dactylography and The forensic analysis

 and comparison of fingerprints as a means of identification of individuals is 

known as Dactyloscopy.

Now as per definition the Fingerprint is the impression or reproduction of the

 friction ridges left on any article/surface present on first phalanges part of finger. 

Fundamental principles of fingerprints

1) Persistency - This principle states that fingerprints, during the life time of an

 individual, remains constant throughout the life. They formed during early fetal 

life and one of the last recognizable 

features to disappear after death.This makes them useful for identity management,

 authentication and biometric applications. 

2) Individuality - Fingerprints remain unchanged and maintain their individuality

 throughout the life. 

Even identical twins, who share same genetic code, do not share the same fingerprints. 

3) Different ridges patterns - There are general ridge patterns, which make them to be

 systematically classify and that is the third fundamental principle of fingerprints. 

Fingers have variety of ridge characteristics which are different from one fingerprints to another.

Patterns of fingerprints -

The design formed by ridges on the first phalanges of finger is known as finger print

 pattern and it contains a core , delta , whorl or a simple wave from one end to another end.

 The various types of fingerprints patterns are -

1) ARCH - It has two types

 a) Plain Arch

 b) Tented Arch.

In this pattern ridges run from one side to the other. No delta is present , if there is any appearance of a delta , then  no ridge intervene between  the delta and core.

2) LOOP - It subdivided in to two types

 a) Ulnar loop

 b) Radial loop

It is a pattern in which one or more ridges recursive i.e run back , having a single delta and at least one ridge intervening between the inner and outer termini.

The loop further divided in to three types-

             Invaded loop , Crested loop , Nutant loop/indented loop.

3) WHORL - It is subdivided in to single core whorl and double core whorl. In this pattern one or more ridges make a complete re-curvature or circuit about the core. It has two deltas and may have single or double core. Single core whorl are-

A) Plain whorl / Concentric whorl

B) Spiral whorl

C) Elliptical whorl

Double core whorl -

D) DOUBLE SPIRAL WHORL(double core).

4) Composite patterns - It is defined as a combination of different patterns. Combination of arch , loop and whorl patterns are found in the same print. 

a) Central pocket loop

b) Lateral pocket loop

c) Twin loop

d) Accidental

What are fingerprints made for ...

Fingerprints (ridges) make  it possible to grip objects. our touch sensitivity increases by them and protected the fingers from any damage.

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About forensic fingerprint

MR. DEEPAK PAWAR has been working as Finger Print Expert / Police Officer in Finger Print Bureau , Delhi Police at New Delhi since 2001 . He is the senior most Finger Print Expert , attending / visited several scene of crime and solved many crime cases .He has passed M.Sc (Chemistry) and he is the Member of International Association of Identification . He is the Member of Delhi Police welfare association . He is supervising the Forensic , New Delhi District , Mobile Crime Team . He is one of the Expert in the Special Investigation Team held for investigation of important cases . He has been giving fingerprint proficient training to Delhi Police personnel's . He has been Presented / giving lectures on topics related to forensic science . He is also making examination paper of Finger Print proficient course . He is awarded with Police Medal by MHA and Delhi Police.

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